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The Persons Case: When Women Became "Persons" Under Canadian Law
A single word in Canada's Constitution sparked one of the most important legal battles in Canadian history. The Persons Case challenged whether women were considered "persons" for Senate appointments, ultimately leading to a landmark 1929 decision that reshaped constitutional law and established the enduring "living tree" doctrine. This article explores the case, the Famous Five, and the lasting impact of a decision that continues to influence Canadian courts today.
Sara Santos-Vigneault
7 days ago6 min read


Aboriginal Title and Private Property Claims in Canada: What the Law Says and Why the Debate Continues
Recent decisions in Cowichan Tribes v. Canada (Attorney General), 2025 BCSC 1490 and Wolastoqey Nations v. New Brunswick, 2025 NBCA 129 have renewed debate about Aboriginal title and private property rights in Canada. This article examines the legal principles behind Aboriginal title, the significance of these landmark cases, and the unresolved questions that continue to shape this evolving area of Canadian law.
Sara Santos-Vigneault
Jun 69 min read


When Control Becomes Harm: The Supreme Court’s New Tort of Intimate Partner Violence
The Supreme Court of Canada’s decision in Ahluwalia v. Ahluwalia, released on May 15, 2026, recognized a new tort of intimate partner violence. The ruling reflects a growing understanding that abuse may involve more than physical acts and can include coercive control, financial restriction, isolation, intimidation, and ongoing patterns affecting dignity, autonomy, and independence.
Sara Santos-Vigneault
Jun 15 min read


Bill C-22: The Privacy Battle Behind Canada’s New Lawful Access Bill
Bill C-22, the Lawful Access Act, 2026, has reopened Canada’s long standing debate over privacy, encryption, and investigative access. The bill has drawn support from government officials who describe it as modernization legislation, while technology companies, privacy advocates, and critics question its impact on encryption, digital rights, investment, and Canada’s technology sector.
Sara Santos-Vigneault
May 257 min read


Parental Leave in Canada: What Parents Need to Know
Parental leave Canada is governed by provincial employment laws and federal Employment Insurance benefits, which together set out leave duration, job protection, and income support for eligible individuals.
Sara Santos-Vigneault
May 184 min read


Why Court Filings Do Not Always Reflect Reality in Ontario
Court filings in Ontario do not always reflect real-time developments. Documents may be submitted, matters resolved, and confirmations received, yet the court record can lag behind. This article examines how filing systems, procedural rules, and administrative delays can create gaps between what has occurred and what appears in the official record.
Sara Santos-Vigneault
May 114 min read


Backyard Chickens in Ontario: Municipal Law, Urban Regulation, and Changing Use of Property
Backyard chickens and local bylaws in Ontario
Sara Santos-Vigneault
May 44 min read


The Reality of Project Approvals in Canada: Law, Delays, and Outcomes
Major infrastructure projects in Canada often take years to complete due to overlapping legal requirements, regulatory reviews, and constitutional obligations. This article examines how these processes operate in practice, why timelines extend, and how outcomes can range from approval to delay or cancellation, with broader economic implications.
Sara Santos-Vigneault
Apr 274 min read


Section 145 of the Criminal Code: Failure to Comply with Court Orders in Canada
Failure to comply with court-ordered conditions in Canada may result in separate criminal charges. Section 145 of the Criminal Code governs breaches of release orders, undertakings, and court attendance obligations.
Sara Santos-Vigneault
Apr 203 min read


Floor Crossing in Canada: Parliamentary Rules, Legal Framework, and Constitutional Debate
Members of Parliament in Canada can change political parties after election and retain their seats, a lawful practice that continues to raise questions about voter expectations and democratic accountability.
Sara Santos-Vigneault
Apr 186 min read


The War Measures Act and the October Crisis of 1970: Emergency Powers and Civil Liberties in Canada
In October 1970, the Canadian government invoked the War Measures Act during the October Crisis following kidnappings carried out by the Front de libération du Québec (FLQ). The decision granted the federal government extraordinary emergency powers and led to widespread arrests, military deployment in Quebec, and a national debate about civil liberties and government authority.
Sara Santos-Vigneault
Mar 234 min read


Canada’s Proposed Online Harms Act (Bill C-63)
Bill C-63, the proposed Online Harms Act, was introduced in Canada’s Parliament in 2024 to address harmful online content and platform accountability. The bill did not become law after Parliament was prorogued in January 2025, but the proposal sparked extensive debate about digital regulation and freedom of expression.
Sara Santos-Vigneault
Mar 165 min read


Private Investigators in Ontario: What They Do and When They Are Used
Private investigators in Ontario are licensed and regulated professionals, not law enforcement. This post explains what they do, when they are commonly used, and the legal limits that apply to private investigations.
Sara Santos-Vigneault
Mar 94 min read


Do You Need a Lawyer for Small Claims Court in Ontario
Small Claims Court in Ontario offers a simpler way to resolve civil disputes. This post outlines who can represent a party, including self-representation, lawyers, and licensed paralegals.
Sara Santos-Vigneault
Feb 233 min read


Canadian Marriage Law History and the Legal Regulation of Love
Valentine’s Day reflects a legal landscape shaped by major changes to marriage, property, and equality law in Canada. Romantic relationships were once governed by legal rules that limited women’s rights and imposed consequences on personal commitments. Today’s celebration of love exists because those legal constraints were removed through statutory and constitutional reform.
Sara Santos-Vigneault
Feb 145 min read


What Happens If You Miss a Court Date in Ontario
Missing a court date in Ontario can have real consequences. This post explains what may happen if a court date is missed, how different courts and tribunals handle it, and why attendance matters.
Sara Santos-Vigneault
Feb 83 min read


Key Laws from the Code of Ur-Nammu
An examination of five surviving laws from the Code of Ur-Nammu, exploring early approaches to violence, compensation, and public justice.
Sara Santos-Vigneault
Feb 85 min read


What Happens at a Landlord and Tenant Board Hearing in Ontario
Landlord and Tenant Board hearings are formal legal proceedings governed by Ontario’s Residential Tenancies Act. This post outlines how LTB hearings are structured, the types of hearings the Board conducts, how Notices of Hearing function, and how evidence is considered during the adjudicative process.
Sara Santos-Vigneault
Jan 264 min read


Paralegals in Ontario Can Now Help with Family Law Matters
Paralegals in Ontario can now provide limited family law services through the Family Legal Services Provider licence. This includes help with uncontested divorces, child support administration, domestic contracts, and family court forms. This article explains what FLSP paralegals are legally permitted to do, where the limits apply, and how the public can access these regulated services.
Sara Santos-Vigneault
Jan 195 min read


Received an Eviction Order in Ontario? Understanding the Basics
In Ontario, an eviction notice is not the same as an eviction. Landlords cannot force a tenant to leave without an order from the Landlord and Tenant Board, and only the Sheriff can carry out an eviction. The Residential Tenancies Act sets strict rules for how this process must unfold.
Sara Santos-Vigneault
Jan 125 min read
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