Roman law evolved from unwritten customs under kings to a codified system that shaped modern civil law. From the Twelve Tables to Justinian’s Corpus Juris Civilis, it reflected shifts in power, social protest, and legal reform. Its legacy endures in legal systems worldwide.

Assault in Canada can arise from common situations such as bar fights or parking lot disputes. The law defines assault broadly, covering not only physical attacks but also threats and unwanted force. Consequences include arrest, criminal charges, possible jail time, a lasting criminal record, and even civil lawsuits for damages. Understanding how police, courts, and victim services respond is essential for anyone affected.

Explore the origins of Canadian law through the lens of Indigenous legal traditions and colonial legal systems. This article examines how Indigenous nations governed through oral laws and kinship-based justice before French and British settlers introduced European legal frameworks. Learn how these systems conflicted, the impact on Indigenous governance, and the growing movement to restore legal pluralism in Canada.

The Laws of Ur-Nammu, dating to around 2100 BCE, are the oldest known legal code in history — predating Hammurabi by centuries. Issued in ancient Sumer, this early Mesopotamian code emphasized fairness and monetary compensation over physical punishment, offering deep insight into early justice systems and social values. Its legacy helped shape the foundations of written law in human civilization.